The state surveys all schools with at least 10 kindergartners to
determine how many have all the recommended immunizations. The AP
analyzed that data and found the percentage of children in private
schools who forego some or all vaccinations is more than two times
greater than in public schools.
More troubling to public health officials is that the rate of
children entering private schools without all of their shots jumped by
10 percent last year, while the opt-out figures held steady in public
schools for the first time since 2004.
Public health officials believe that an immunization rate of at least
90 percent in all communities, including schools, is critical to
minimizing the potential for a disease outbreak. About 15 percent of the
1,650 private schools surveyed by the state failed to reach that
threshold, compared with 5 percent of public schools.
There were 110 private schools statewide where more than half the
kindergartners skipped some or all of their shots, according to AP’s
analysis, with Highland Hall Waldorf School in Northridge — where 84
percent opted out — topping the list.
Parents cite a variety of reasons for not immunizing their children,
among them: religious values, concerns the shots themselves could cause
illness and a belief that allowing children to get sick helps them to
build a stronger immune system. Likewise, there’s no single explanation
that accounts for why so many more parents who send their children to
private schools apparently share a suspicion of immunizations.
Saad Omer, a professor of global health at Emory University in
Atlanta who has studied vaccine refusal in private schools, surmised
more private school parents are wealthy and have the time to spread five
shots over a series of years and stay home should their child get an
illness like chickenpox. Neal Halsey, a professor of pediatric infectious diseases
at the Johns Hopkins University, said parents who choose private
schools are likely to be more skeptical of state requirements and
recommendations.
Bibi Reber, whose children attend the Waldorf-inspired Greenwood
School in Mill Valley, had her children vaccinated only for what she
sees as the deadliest diseases. Greenwood has a 79 percent opt-out rate
among its kindergartners.
“I don’t think dirt or getting sick makes you a weak person; your
immune system needs to work with things,” said Reber, whose children
attend the Greenwood School in the San Francisco Bay area town of Mill
Valley. “We certainly don’t want to go back to having polio, but on the
other hand, I don’t think we need to eradicate all the childhood
diseases
Public health officials say that, regardless of why parents choose
not to vaccinate their children, the result is the same: an increased
risk of an outbreak of whooping cough or other communicable diseases.
We’re very concerned that those schools are places where disease can
spread quite rapidly through the school and into the community, should
it get introduced,” said Dr. Robert Schechter, medical officer with the
Immunization Branch of the California Department of Public Health.
That’s what prompted the Legislature to approve a bill requiring
parents to discuss vaccinations with a pediatricians or a school nurse
before they can opt-out. Gov. Jerry Brown has until the end of September
to sign or veto it.
State Assemblyman Richard Pan, a pediatrician, who sponsored the
bill, said he believes private school parents are more apt to mistakenly
believe that the vaccinations themselves could be more dangerous than
the diseases.
“In private school, these are people who have money, who are upper
middle-class, and they are going on the Internet and seeing information
and misinformation,” said Pan, D-Sacramento.
Increasing immunization rates for this population is critical to
controlling the outbreak of diseases, he said. “Have you ever seen a
child cough themselves to death? It’s not pleasant,” he said.
Those who choose not to vaccinate their children see the legislation as meddlesome and unnecessary.
“It’s making an extra appointment and paying extra money to go in
there and essentially get permission to do what I feel is right for my
family,” said Dawn Kelly, who sends her unvaccinated 5-year-old son and
partially vaccinated 9-year-old son to Monarch Christian School in the
Los Angeles area.
Like many parents who refuse some or all immunization shots, Kelly
worries her children’s immune system could be overwhelmed by getting too
many vaccines at once.
Melani Gold Friedman, president of the parent association at Highland
Hall Waldorf School, is concerned with what the legislation means for
families who normally consult with acupuncturists, holistic healers or
other alternative practitioners.
“The bill has an assumption that everyone’s seeing one particular
kind of doctor, but the people who are opting out, chances are they’re
not seeing that kind of doctor,” she said.
Vaccination opt-out rates nationwide have been creeping up since the
mid-2000s, spurred in part by the belief the battery of vaccinations
routinely given to infants could lead to autism. Several major studies
have discredited that idea.
Parents are allowed to forgo vaccines for philosophical reasons in
California and 19 other states. Of those, only Washington requires
parents to consult with a physician. And, in California, there’s no
difference between private and public schools when it comes to what’s
required for parents to opt out — they simply sign a document. The state
recommends that kindergarteners receive five vaccine progressions,
including protections against Polio, Hepatitis B and Measles
Politicians and public health experts across the nation are focusing
more attention on childhood immunizations, driven by a re-emergence of
diseases like whooping cough. The U.S. is in the midst of what could be
its worst year for that disease in more than five decades, with nearly
25,000 cases and 13 deaths.
After whooping cough reached epidemic levels in California in 2010,
the state took action, embarking on a public information campaign and
increasing the availability of vaccines. A law was passed requiring
booster shots for older students.
Yet the opt-out rate continued climbing in private schools. It’s more
than doubled since 2004, to 2,228 kindergartners in last year’s state
survey. While the overall rate of full immunization among
kindergarteners hovers around 91 percent, places where the opt-out rate
is greater could pose a risk for outbreak.
In 2008, East Bay Waldorf School in El Sobrante closed temporarily
after whooping cough sickened more than a dozen students, eight of them
kindergartners. The San Francisco Bay Area school had a vaccination rate
of less than 50 percent.
State health officials are tracking the divergence of opt-out rates
in private and public schools, but are not planning any studies or
outreach efforts targeting this pupil population. The state is
conducting a general education campaign to boost vaccinate rates.
The AP analysis found 20 of the 25 California private schools with
the highest opt-out rates are “Waldorf schools,” a loose association of
institutions founded on the teachings of 19th-century philosopher Rudolf
Steiner. He favored a holistic approach to education and medicine and
thought childhood illnesses could be beneficial.
Officials at these schools would not comment about Pan’s bill but say
they trust parents to make the best decisions for their children’s
health.
“Parents who are brave enough to say, ‘No, that’s not the right
thing,’ should be supported,” said Patrice Maynard, spokeswoman for the
Association of Waldorf Schools of North America.
—By HANNAH DREIER
Source from Heathland Time